leigaoyi

https://github.com/leigaoyi/retinal-Dense-Unet

Turns out Dan’s grandfather, the chicken sexer, had to determine the sex of day old chicks by feeling something in their cloaca. He had to grow his fingernail in some special way to do so. OG robotic prosthetics.

https://layinghens.hendrix-genetics.com/en/articles/color_sexing-in-day_old_chicks/

” For color sexing, we make use of the principle of sex-link crosses. Sex-link crosses (hybrid chicken breeds) involve the crossing of two different breeds of chickens to get offspring that can be sexed at hatch by differences in down color. For example, mating Rhode Island Red males with Rhode Island White females. Their offspring will consist of yellow/white colored day-old male chicks, and brown colored day-old female chicks (as always, exceptions are there). Based on the color of the down, the day-old chicks can easily be sorted by sex.

The most common sex link crosses are the red sex link. Close to half of the global chicken population consists of red sex link chickens. Our common brown breeds (ISA Brown, Shaver Brown, Bovans Brown, Babcock Brown, Hisex Brown, Dekalb Brown and Warren) are all red sex link crossbreds.

Please note: this trait does not breed true and breeding two sex linked commercial chickens (hybrids) will not produce offspring that can be sexed at hatch.

Color sexing female day-old chicks

Female day-old chicks have uniformly brown colored down, or brown with a light stripe in the middle of the back.

The following common exceptions can be found: female day-old chicks that have a broad yellow stripe with brown edging on a somewhat lighter background, or female day-old chicks that have a brown colored head with a lighter body.

Color sexing male day-old chicks

Male day-old chicks are yellow/white or show slight brown stripes.

Exceptions can be found: day-old male chicks that have distinct yellow/light stripes with brown borders, or day-old male chicks that have a dark brown stripe in the middle of their back.

Download the color sexing manuals

• Color sexing brown breeds (707.9 KB)
• Color sexing brown breeds exceptions (854.5 KB) “

Poor cute babies are gonna get shredded 😢

“Disadvantages of Feather Sexing

Feather-sexing can only be carried out in chicks resulting from the mating of fast normal-feathering males with delayed-feathering females, while vent sexing can be applied to any chicks. This means that feather-sexing cannot be applied to chicks of the same breed, unless geneticists preserve that breed segregating for both types of feathering and birds are strictly controlled for feathering type.

The preparation of new breeds to produce feather sexable crosses implies considerable previous genetic work which is completely beyond the means of most poultry farmers.”

https://layinghens.hendrix-genetics.com/en/articles/Feather_sexing-Day_old_chicks-sexing_chicks-vent_sexing-in_ovo_sexing-brown_chickens-black_chickens-white_chickens-poultry/

Genotype	Phenotype
k+  or k+k+	Fast feathering
K   or KK	Slow feathering
Kk+	Slow feathering males (K s  is dominant over k+)

Figure 1. Feathering types Diagram of the wing of a one-day-old chick in dorsal view: A fast normal-feathering with the primary remiges (1a) longer than the coverlets (2a). B sex-linked delayed feathering with the primary remiges (1a) of the same length than the coverlets (2a). C modified delayed feathering with the primary remiges. (1a) shorter than the coverlets (2a).

source: Wikiwand

In-ovo sexing of 14-day-old chicken embryos by pattern analysis in hyperspectral images (VIS/NIR spectra): A non-destructive method for layer lines with gender-specific down feather color

Doreen Göhler ¹, Björn Fischer ², Sven Meissner ²Affiliations expand

• PMID: 27591278
• DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew282

Free article https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579119312398?via%3Dihub

Abstract

Up to now there is no economically maintainable modality for chicken sexing in early embryonic stages (first 3 d) that is suitable for large-scale application in the commercial hatcheries. Hence, the culling of male day-old chicks of layer lines is still the normal procedure.In this paper we present a non-destructive optical technique for gender determination in layer lines with gender-specific down feather color. This particular chicken strain presents a sexual dimorphism in feather color, where the female day-old chicks have brown down feathers and the males have yellow down feathers.The eggs are candled with halogen lamps and a hyperspectral camera collects the transmitted light within the spectral range from 400 nm to 1,000 nm. For data analysis and classification, common methods like principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis are used. The accuracy of gender determination was determined for 11- to 14-day-old embryos. At 14 d of incubation (7 d before hatch) the sex can be determined with an overall accuracy of approximately 97%.

Keywords: hyperspectral imaging; in ovo sexing; sexing of chicken embryo.

© 2016 Poultry Science Association Inc.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27591278/

I think this is the hypspectral camera they are using (SPECIM PFD ). Can’t find a price online easily. That’s probably not a good sign.

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CArrefour Press release:

CARREFOUR FRANCE STARTS IN OVO SEXING TRIAL

Carrefour’s cage-free progress // Ending the culling of male chicks

 Published 10/02/2020

For the first time in France, an in ovo sexing technique is being trialled by French retailer Carrefour, in partnership with its supplier Les Fermiers de Loué and the AAT group, a global specialist in hatching. 

The fast and non-invasive technology for sexing the egg by spectrophotometry (i.e. colour analysis) makes it possible to identify the sex of the birds before they hatch, thus avoiding the need to cull male chicks after their birth in the egg production cycle.

https://www.compassioninfoodbusiness.com/our-news/2020/02/carrefour-france-starts-in-ovo-sexing-trial

IN-OVO stuff:

https://www.agri-at.com/en/press/19-press-releases-in-ovo

Sustainable use of the male embryos as high-quality protein source: Schaffelaarbos partners with Agri Advanced Technologies GMBH (AAT)

The German company AAT offers a non-invasive in ovo sexing method with respectful treatment of sorted out male embryos. Schaffelaarbos will further process these male embryos into Dried Egg Proteins for the Animal Feed Market.

Read more …

European hatcheries are introducing CHEGGY

Sex determination in the egg is ready for high-volume application

“CHEGGY” is the name of the machine that marks a breakthrough in hyperspectral measurement technology. Developed by the German manufacturer AAT, this innovative technology is now ready for high-volume, practical application for brown-laying hens in France, Germany, Belgium, Spain and other European countries.

Read more …

Anaesthesia of male chicken embryos in compliance with animal welfare

Practicability study of electrical current flow in the second third of the incubation period

L. Zumbrink, Prof. Dr. B. Brenig, Dr. A. Foerster, J. Hurlin and Dr. M. von Wenzlawowicz

Read more …

Hyperspectral measurement technology for sex determination in the egg is ready for practical application

Visbek, 3 August 2020. AAT (part of the EW GROUP), the specialist for the development of special application technologies in animal breeding, announces that its solution for automatic sex determination in the egg is ready for use.

Read more …

Carrefour – the first retailer to introduce a method for avoiding male chicks to be killed

Carrefour press release: As part of its food transition plan, Carrefour and Loué have entered into a partnership to produce and sell eggs laid by chickens produced using a spectrophotometric in-ovo sexing technique. Consumers will be able to purchase the products from 1 May.

Read more …